--- title: Germs, hygiene and vaccines — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Germs, hygiene and vaccines», a lesson of the world course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: Germs are living things too small to see without a microscope. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / Germs, hygiene and vaccines # Germs, hygiene and vaccines Lesson 37 of the world course of Mova's primary school: 21 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/0/) — Germs are living things too small to see without a microscope. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/1/) — Most bacteria are harmless or even helpful, but some bacteria and viruses get into the body and make us ill. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/2/) — Germs spread through coughs and sneezes, dirty hands, dirty food and water, and some through insect bites. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/3/) — Washing hands with soap for about 20 seconds, covering a cough and cooking food well stop many of them. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/4/) — The body fights back: white blood cells attack the germs and make antibodies that fit one kind of germ like a key fits a lock. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/5/) — Afterwards the body remembers that germ and beats it quickly next time. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/6/) — A vaccine teaches the body this lesson safely: it shows the body a weakened, killed or harmless part of a germ, so the body makes antibodies without getting really ill. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/7/) — When many people are vaccinated, the germ cannot spread, which protects even those who cannot be vaccinated. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/8/) — Antibiotics are medicines that kill bacteria, but they do not work against viruses such as the cold or the flu. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/9/) — Germs are tiny living things that can only be seen with a microscope. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/10/) — Bacteria and viruses are two kinds of germs. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/12/) — Germs spread through coughs, sneezes, touch, dirty food and dirty water. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/13/) — Washing hands with soap for about 20 seconds removes most germs. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/14/) — Soap breaks apart the oily layer that sticks germs to the skin, so water can wash them away. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/15/) — White blood cells fight germs and make antibodies. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/16/) — After an illness the body often remembers the germ and fights it quickly next time. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/17/) — A vaccine trains the body to fight a germ without getting really ill. - [18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/18/) — There are vaccines against illnesses such as measles, polio and flu. - [19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/19/) — Antibiotics kill bacteria but do not work against viruses. - [20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/20/) — Colds and flu are caused by viruses. - [21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/21/) — Doctors found that washing hands saves lives; Ignaz Semmelweis showed it in a hospital in the 1840s, where fewer mothers died of infection once doctors washed their hands. - ← previous: [Healthy food, water and vitamins](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/36-healthy-food/) - next →: [Sleep, exercise and growing up](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/38-sleep-exercise-growing/) - ↑ back to [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/)