---
title: Germs spread through coughs and sneezes, dirty hands, dirty food and… — Germs, hygiene and vaccines · tree and pragmatics
description: Germs spread through coughs and sneezes, dirty hands, dirty food and water, and some through insect bites. Who acts: Germs. A sentence of the lesson «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Germs, hygiene and vaccines, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Germs spread through coughs and sneezes, dirty hands, dirty food and water, and some through insect bites.

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**Who acts:** Germs · **What happens:** spread · **To what, where:** coughs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Germs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson:2
# text = Germs spread through coughs and sneezes, dirty hands, dirty food and water, and some through insect bites.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	coughs	cough	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sneezes	sneeze	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	conj	_	_
18	through	through	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	bites	bite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spread** | past | Germs |  |  | coughs and sneezes and dirty hands and dirty food and water |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through cough=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Germs, hygiene and vaccines, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/1/)
- next →: [Germs, hygiene and vaccines, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/3/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/37-germs-hygiene-vaccines/)