---
title: Germs are tiny living things that can only be seen with a microscope. — Germs, hygiene and vaccines · tree and pragmatics
description: Germs are tiny living things that can only be seen with a microscope. Who acts: Germs. A sentence of the lesson «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Germs, hygiene and vaccines, sentence 9

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Germs are tiny living things that can only be seen with a microscope.

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**Who acts:** Germs · **What happens:** be, see · **To what, where:** tiny living things

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Germs, hygiene and vaccines» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Germs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson:9
# text = Germs are tiny living things that can only be seen with a microscope.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	living	live	ADJ	JJ	_	5	amod	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl:relcl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	microscope	microscope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Germs | tiny living things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | can · passive |  | tiny living things |  |  |  | with a microscope | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:037-germs-hygiene-vaccines.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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