---
title: Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. — The solar system and the planets · tree and pragmatics
description: Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun. Who acts: Mercury. A sentence of the lesson «The solar system and the planets» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The solar system and the planets, sentence 7

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Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun.

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**Who acts:** Mercury · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** planet

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The solar system and the planets» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mercury), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:004-the-solar-system.lesson:7
# text = Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 004-the-solar-system.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	planet	planet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:acl
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sun.	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mercury | the planet |  |  |  | to the Sun. | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:004-the-solar-system.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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