---
title: Where two plates push together, the rock crumples and rises up as mo… — Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is… · tree and pragmatics
description: Where two plates push together, the rock crumples and rises up as mountains over millions of years; the Himalayas, with Mount Everest, are still growing because India keeps pushing into Asia. Who acts: two plates, rock, Himalayas, India. A sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how 
---

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# Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 1

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where two plates push together, the rock crumples and rises up as mountains over millions of years; the Himalayas, with Mount Everest, are still growing because India keeps pushing into Asia.

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**Who acts:** two plates, rock, Himalayas, India · **What happens:** push together, crumple, rise up, grow, keep, push · **To what, where:** millions, Asia

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two plates, rock, Himalayas, India), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:043-landforms.lesson:1
# text = Where two plates push together, the rock crumples and rises up as mountains over millions of years; the Himalayas, with Mount Everest, are still growing because India keeps pushing into Asia.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 043-landforms.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	4	advmod	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	push	push	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	crumples	crumple	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	rises	rise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	over	over	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Himalayas	himalaya	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=25:punct
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	Mount	mount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	Everest	everest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	still	still	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	parataxis	_	_
30	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
31	India	India	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	_
33	pushing	push	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	32	xcomp	_	_
34	into	into	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push together** | present | two plates |  |  |  |  | together *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **crumple** | present | the rock |  |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **rise up** | present | the rock *not said here* |  |  | millions of years |  | as mountains | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over million=Location |
| 4 | **grow** | present · progressive | the Himalayas |  |  |  | still |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **keep** | present | India |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **push** | gerund | India *not said here* |  |  | Asia |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into asia=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:043-landforms.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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