--- title: Where plates grind or slip past each other, the ground shakes in an… — Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is… · tree and pragmatics description: Where plates grind or slip past each other, the ground shakes in an earthquake; where melted rock called magma finds a way up through cracks, it bursts out as lava from a volcano. Who acts: plates, ground, rock. A sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/) / 2 # Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 2 Where plates grind or slip past each other, the ground shakes in an earthquake; where melted rock called magma finds a way up through cracks, it bursts out as lava from a volcano. **Who acts:** plates, ground, rock · **What happens:** grind, slip, shake, melt, call, find up · **To what, where:** earthquake, magma, way, cracks, volcano · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plates, ground, rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:043-landforms.lesson:2 # text = Where plates grind or slip past each other, the ground shakes in an earthquake; where melted rock called magma finds a way up through cracks, it bursts out as lava from a volcano. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 043-landforms.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 3 advmod _ _ 2 plates plate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 grind grind VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 slip slip VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 6 past past ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 8 det _ _ 8 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:det 11 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 shakes shake VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 earthquake earthquake NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:nmod 16 ; ; PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 18 advmod _ _ 18 melted melt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 19 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 20 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl _ _ 21 magma magma NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 xcomp _ _ 22 finds find VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 25 up up ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 26 through through ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 cracks crack NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 bursts burst VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 31 out out ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 32 as as ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 lava lava NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 34 from from ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 volcano volcano NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grind** | present | plates | | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **slip** | present | plates *not said here* | | | | | past each other | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **shake** | present | the ground | | | a earthquake | | | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in earthquake=Location | | 4 | **melt** | participle | plates *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **call** | participle | rock *not said here* | magma | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **find up** | present | rock | a way | | cracks | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | | 7 | **burst out** | present | rock | | | a volcano | | as lava | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:043-landforms.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/1/) - next →: [Mountains, rivers and seas, and how th…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/43-landforms/)