---
title: A volcano is an opening where melted rock, ash and gas come out from… — Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is… · tree and pragmatics
description: A volcano is an opening where melted rock, ash and gas come out from deep inside the Earth. Who acts: volcano, melted rock. A sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A volcano is an opening where melted rock, ash and gas come out from deep inside the Earth.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** volcano, melted rock · **What happens:** be, melt, come out · **To what, where:** opening, deep

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains, rivers and seas, and how the land is shaped» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (volcano, melted rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:043-landforms.lesson:9
# text = A volcano is an opening where melted rock, ash and gas come out from deep inside the Earth.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 043-landforms.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	opening	opening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	13	advmod	_	_
7	melted	melt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	ash	ash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
14	out	out	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	obl	_	_
17	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a opening |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **melt** | participle | a volcano |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **come out** | present | melted rock and ash and gas |  |  | deep |  | inside the Earth; out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:043-landforms.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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