--- title: People speak about 7,000 different languages; some are spoken by hun… — Countries, peoples and languages of the world · tree and pragmatics description: People speak about 7,000 different languages; some are spoken by hundreds of millions, like Chinese, English, Hindi and Spanish, and some only by a few hundred people in one valley. Who acts: People, hundreds. A sentence of the lesson «Countries, peoples and languages of the world» of the world cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Countries, peoples and languages of th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/) / 2 # Countries, peoples and languages of the world, sentence 2 People speak about 7,000 different languages; some are spoken by hundreds of millions, like Chinese, English, Hindi and Spanish, and some only by a few hundred people in one valley. **Who acts:** People, hundreds · **What happens:** speak · **To what, where:** 7,000 different languages, some · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Countries, peoples and languages of the world» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, hundreds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:046-countries-peoples-languages.lesson:2 # text = People speak about 7,000 different languages; some are spoken by hundreds of millions, like Chinese, English, Hindi and Spanish, and some only by a few hundred people in one valley. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 046-countries-peoples-languages.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 speak speak VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 about about ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 7,000 7000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 5 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 7 ; ; PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 9 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 spoken speak VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 11 by by ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:appos 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 Hindi Hindi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 Spanish Spanish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 26 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 32 det _ _ 27 only only ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 28 by by ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 30 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 31 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 conj _ _ 33 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 35 nummod _ _ 35 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | present | People | 7,000 different languages and some few hundred people in one valley | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | present · passive | hundreds of millions | some | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:046-countries-peoples-languages.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Countries, peoples and languages of th…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/1/) - next →: [Countries, peoples and languages of th…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/46-countries-peoples-languages/)