--- title: Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels formed over millions of y… — Natural resources and why we must save them · tree and pragmatics description: Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels formed over millions of years from ancient plants and animals. Who acts: Coal. A sentence of the lesson «Natural resources and why we must save them» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/47-natural-resources/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Natural resources and why we must save…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/47-natural-resources/) / 9 # Natural resources and why we must save them, sentence 9 Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels formed over millions of years from ancient plants and animals. **Who acts:** Coal · **What happens:** be, form · **To what, where:** fossil fuels, millions This is a sentence of the lesson «Natural resources and why we must save them» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Coal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:047-natural-resources.lesson:9 # text = Coal, oil and natural gas are fossil fuels formed over millions of years from ancient plants and animals. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 047-natural-resources.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Coal coal NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=1:punct 3 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 8 fossil fossil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 9 fuels fuel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 10 formed form VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 acl _ _ 11 over over ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 ancient ancient ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 plants plant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 conj _ _ 20 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Coal and oil and natural gas | fossil fuels | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **form** | participle | | fossil fuels *not said here* | | millions of years | | from ancient plants and animals | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over million=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:047-natural-resources.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Natural resources and why we must save…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/47-natural-resources/8/) - next →: [Natural resources and why we must save…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/47-natural-resources/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/47-natural-resources/)