--- title: Years are grouped by hundreds into centuries: the 1st century is the… — Time and history: the timeline and how people li… · tree and pragmatics description: Years are grouped by hundreds into centuries: the 1st century is the years 1 to 100, the 20th century is 1901 to 2000, and we live in the 21st century, the years 2001 to 2100; so the year 1648 is in the 17th century: for a year that does not end in 00, the century is one more than the number of whol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Time and history: the timeline and how…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/) / 1 # Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago, sentence 1 Years are grouped by hundreds into centuries: the 1st century is the years 1 to 100, the 20th century is 1901 to 2000, and we live in the 21st century, the years 2001 to 2100; so the year 1648 is in the 17th century: for a year that does not end in 00, the century is one more than the number of whole hundreds. **Who acts:** hundreds, 1st century, we, 20th century, year, that · **What happens:** group, be, live, not end · **To what, where:** Years, 1901 years, 00 This is a sentence of the lesson «Time and history: the timeline and how people lived long ago» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hundreds, 1st century, we, 20th century), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:048-time-and-history.lesson:1 # text = Years are grouped by hundreds into centuries: the 1st century is the years 1 to 100, the 20th century is 1901 to 2000, and we live in the 21st century, the years 2001 to 2100; so the year 1648 is in the 17th century: for a year that does not end in 00, the century is one more than the number of whole hundreds. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 048-time-and-history.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 grouped group VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 into into ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 centuries century NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 1st 1st ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 11 amod _ _ 11 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ _ 15 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 flat _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 20th 20th ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 21 amod _ _ 21 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 23 1901 1901 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 24 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 2000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nmod _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 21st 21st ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 33 amod _ _ 33 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl:unmarked _ _ 37 2001 2001 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nmod:unmarked _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 2100 2100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 37 nmod _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 65 punct _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 65 advmod _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=49:nmod:unmarked 44 1648 1648 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 43 flat _ _ 45 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 cop _ _ 46 in in ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 48 17th 17th ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 49 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=49:compound 49 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj _ _ 50 : : PUNCT : _ 57 punct _ _ 51 for for ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obl _ _ 54 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 57 nsubj _ _ 55 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 57 aux _ _ 56 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 57 advmod _ _ 57 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 parataxis _ _ 58 in in ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 59 00 00 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 57 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=57:nmod 60 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 61 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 62 det _ _ 62 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj _ _ 63 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 65 cop _ _ 64 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 65 nummod _ _ 65 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 3 parataxis _ _ 66 than than ADP IN _ 68 case _ _ 67 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 68 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 obl _ _ 69 of of ADP IN _ 71 case _ _ 70 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 71 amod _ _ 71 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 68 nmod _ _ 72 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **group** | present · passive | hundreds | Years | | | century | | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | present | the 1st century | the years | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **live** | present | we | | | | century | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | the 20th century | the 1901 years | | | | 2001 to 2100 *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | the year | | | | | in the 17th century | tree rules | | 6 | **not** **end** | present · do-support | that | | | 00 | year | | tree rules | | 7 | **is** | present | the 17th century | | | | | than the number of whole hundreds; more *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:048-time-and-history.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Time and history: the timeline and how…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/0/) - next →: [Time and history: the timeline and how…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/48-time-and-history/)