--- title: The Sun helps when there is no compass: it rises roughly in the east… — Map reading puzzles · tree and pragmatics description: The Sun helps when there is no compass: it rises roughly in the east and sets roughly in the west; in the United States, Canada, Britain and Ireland it stands in the south at midday, so at noon your shadow points north, but in Australia and New Zealand the midday Sun is in the north and the shadow p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/49-map-puzzles/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Map reading puzzles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/49-map-puzzles/) / 3 # Map reading puzzles, sentence 3 The Sun helps when there is no compass: it rises roughly in the east and sets roughly in the west; in the United States, Canada, Britain and Ireland it stands in the south at midday, so at noon your shadow points north, but in Australia and New Zealand the midday Sun is in the north and the shadow points south. **Who acts:** Sun, compass, shadow, your · **What happens:** help, be, rise, set, stand, point · **To what, where:** east, west, United States, north This is a sentence of the lesson «Map reading puzzles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, compass, shadow, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:049-map-puzzles.lesson:3 # text = The Sun helps when there is no compass: it rises roughly in the east and sets roughly in the west; in the United States, Canada, Britain and Ireland it stands in the south at midday, so at noon your shadow points north, but in Australia and New Zealand the midday Sun is in the north and the shadow points south. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 049-map-puzzles.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 when when SCONJ WRB _ 6 mark _ _ 5 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 6 expl _ _ 6 is be VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 7 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 8 det _ _ 8 compass compass NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 rises rise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 12 roughly roughly ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 east east NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 sets set VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj 18 roughly roughly ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 west west NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 United United PROPN NNP _ 26 flat _ _ 26 States State PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 conj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 Ireland Ireland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj _ _ 33 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 stands stand VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ _ 38 at at ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 midday midday NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:nmod 40 , , PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 42 at at ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 noon noon NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 44 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 45 nmod:poss _ _ 45 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 46 points point VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ _ 47 north north ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 49 but but CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 50 in in ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 Australia Australia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 61 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=61:nsubj 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 53 New New ADJ NNP Degree=Pos 54 amod _ _ 54 Zealand Zealand PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 conj _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 56 midday midday NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 nmod:desc _ _ 57 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 conj _ _ 58 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 61 cop _ _ 59 in in ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 conj _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 65 cc _ _ 63 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 64 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj _ _ 65 points point VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 61 conj _ _ 66 south south ADV RB _ 65 advmod _ _ 67 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **help** | present | the Sun | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **be** | present | no compass | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **rise** | present | compass | | | the east | | roughly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in east=Location | | 4 | **set** | present | compass *not said here* | | | the west | | roughly *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in west=Destination | | 5 | **stand** | present | compass | | | the United States and Canada and Britain and Ireland | | in the south; at midday | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in state=Location | | 6 | **point** | present | your shadow | | | | noon | north *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | your shadow *not said here* | | | the north | | in Australia and New Zealand and the Sun midday | tree rules | | 8 | **point** | present | shadow | | | | | south *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **shadow** | | your | | | | | | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:049-map-puzzles.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Map reading puzzles, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/49-map-puzzles/2/) - next →: [Map reading puzzles, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/49-map-puzzles/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/49-map-puzzles/)