---
title: Water warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so places by th… — Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains an… · tree and pragmatics
description: Water warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so places by the sea have milder winters and cooler summers. Who acts: Water, places. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts, sentence 15

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Water warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so places by the sea have milder winters and cooler summers.

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**Who acts:** Water, places · **What happens:** warm up, cool down, have

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water, places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:15
# text = Water warms up and cools down more slowly than land, so places by the sea have milder winters and cooler summers.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warms	warm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
13	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
18	milder	mild	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	amod	_	_
19	winters	winter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	cooler	cool	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	amod	_	_
22	summers	summer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warm up** | present | Water |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **cool down** | present | Water *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | present | places by the sea |  |  |  | winter |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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