--- title: Mountains make deserts too: wet wind from the sea climbs the slope,… — Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains an… · tree and pragmatics description: Mountains make deserts too: wet wind from the sea climbs the slope, cools and drops its rain on that side, and arrives dry on the far side, which lies in a rain shadow. Who acts: Mountains, wet wind, far side, wind. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/) / 4 # Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts, sentence 4 Mountains make deserts too: wet wind from the sea climbs the slope, cools and drops its rain on that side, and arrives dry on the far side, which lies in a rain shadow. **Who acts:** Mountains, wet wind, far side, wind · **What happens:** make, climb, cool, drop, arrive, lie · **To what, where:** deserts, slope, rain, side, far side, rain shadow This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mountains and deserts» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mountains, wet wind, far side, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:4 # text = Mountains make deserts too: wet wind from the sea climbs the slope, cools and drops its rain on that side, and arrives dry on the far side, which lies in a rain shadow. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 deserts desert NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 too too ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 6 wet wet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 8 from from ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:compound 11 climbs climb VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 slope slope NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 cools cool VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 drops drop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=15:conj 18 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 22 det _ _ 22 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 arrives arrive VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 26 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 xcomp _ _ 27 on on ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 far far ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 lies lie VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 acl:relcl _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 rain rain NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Mountains | deserts | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset desert=Product | | 2 | **climb** | present | wet wind from the sea | the slope | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location slope=Theme | | 3 | **cool** | present | wet wind from the sea *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **drop** | present | wet wind from the sea *not said here* | wind's rain | | that side | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rain=Theme on side=Destination | | 5 | **arrive** | present | wet wind from the sea *not said here* | | | the far side | | dry *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **lie** | present | the far side | | | a rain shadow | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shadow=Location | | 7 | **rain** | | wind | | | | | | nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:050-why-the-earth-is-so.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/3/) - next →: [Thinking like a geographer: rivers, mo…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/50-why-the-earth-is-so/)