---
title: Air resistance is a kind of friction from the air; a parachute uses… — Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets · tree and pragmatics
description: Air resistance is a kind of friction from the air; a parachute uses it to fall slowly. Who acts: Air resistance, parachute. A sentence of the lesson «Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Air resistance is a kind of friction from the air; a parachute uses it to fall slowly.

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**Who acts:** Air resistance, parachute · **What happens:** be, use, fall · **To what, where:** kind, Friction

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and magnets» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Air resistance, parachute), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:051-forces.lesson:16
# text = Air resistance is a kind of friction from the air; a parachute uses it to fall slowly.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 051-forces.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	resistance	resistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	parachute	parachute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:advcl
18	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Air resistance | a kind |  |  |  | of friction from the air | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | a parachute | Friction |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Theme clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **fall** | to-infinitive | a parachute *not said here* |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:051-forces.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and m…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/51-forces/15/)
- next →: [Forces — pushes, pulls, friction and m…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/51-forces/17/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/51-forces/)