---
title: Electricity is a flow of tiny charged particles through a material. — Electricity — circuits, switches and safety · tree and pragmatics
description: Electricity is a flow of tiny charged particles through a material. Who acts: Electricity. A sentence of the lesson «Electricity — circuits, switches and safety» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Electricity — circuits, switches and safety, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Electricity is a flow of tiny charged particles through a material.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Electricity · **What happens:** be, charge · **To what, where:** flow, material

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Electricity — circuits, switches and safety» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electricity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:055-electricity.lesson:0
# text = Electricity is a flow of tiny charged particles through a material.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 055-electricity.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Electricity	electricity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flow	flow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	charged	charge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Electricity | a flow |  | a material |  | of tiny charged particles | tree rules |
| 2 | **charge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:055-electricity.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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