---
title: Reducing waste helps most, because the waste is never made. — Caring for the environment · tree and pragmatics
description: Reducing waste helps most, because the waste is never made. Who acts: Reducing. A sentence of the lesson «Caring for the environment» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Caring for the environment, sentence 14

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Reducing waste helps most, because the waste is never made.

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**Who acts:** Reducing · **What happens:** reduce, help, not make · **To what, where:** waste

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Caring for the environment» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Reducing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:057-environment.lesson:14
# text = Reducing waste helps most, because the waste is never made.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 057-environment.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Reducing	reduce	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:nsubj
2	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | gerund |  | waste |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer waste=Patient |
| 2 | **help** | present | Reducing |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **make** | present · passive |  | the waste |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:057-environment.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Caring for the environment, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/57-environment/13/)
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