--- title: Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy», a lesson of the world course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: Scientists explain surprising things by using a few simple rules carefully, one step after another. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / Thinking it through — forces, heat, li… # Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy Lesson 60 of the world course of Mova's primary school: 15 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/0/) — Scientists explain surprising things by using a few simple rules carefully, one step after another. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/1/) — This lesson puts together what you know about levers, heat, light, sound and energy. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/2/) — Heat moves from hotter things to colder things. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/4/) — A lever trades distance for force: if your end of the bar is ten times further from the pivot than the stone, you need about a tenth of the force, but your end must move ten times as far. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/5/) — Because light travels in straight lines, a shadow points away from the Sun. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/6/) — In the morning and evening the Sun is low, so shadows are long; at midday the Sun is highest, so shadows are shortest. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/7/) — As the Sun moves across the sky from east to west, shadows swing round from west to east. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/8/) — In a thunderstorm the light of the lightning reaches you almost at once, but the sound of thunder travels about one kilometre in three seconds — so counting the seconds between the flash and the bang tells how far away the storm is. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/10/) — Metals conduct heat well, while wood, plastic, wool and air conduct it poorly. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/11/) — A lever with a long arm on your side lets a small force lift a heavy load, but your end moves further. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/12/) — Shadows are longest when the Sun is low and shortest when it is highest in the sky. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/13/) — In the morning the Sun is in the east, so shadows point west; in the evening they point east. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/14/) — Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds through air, while light arrives almost instantly. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/16/) — Air trapped in wool, feathers or double windows is a good insulator. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/60-reasoning-energy-technology/17/) — No machine can give out more energy than is put into it. - ← previous: [Inventions, computers and the internet](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/59-inventions-computers-internet/) - next →: [Rocks, minerals and fossils](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/) - ↑ back to [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/)