---
title: Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds through air, whil… — Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and en… · tree and pragmatics
description: Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds through air, while light arrives almost instantly. Who acts: Sound, light. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy, sentence 14

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Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds through air, while light arrives almost instantly.

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**Who acts:** Sound, light · **What happens:** travel, arrive · **To what, where:** one kilometre, air

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking it through — forces, heat, light and energy» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sound, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:060-reasoning-energy-technology.lesson:14
# text = Sound travels about one kilometre in three seconds through air, while light arrives almost instantly.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 060-reasoning-energy-technology.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
14	arrives	arrive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
15	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	instantly	instantly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | Sound | one kilometre |  | air | second |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through air=Trajectory |
| 2 | **arrive** | present | light |  |  |  |  | instantly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:060-reasoning-energy-technology.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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