--- title: Hardness of minerals is compared by scratching: a harder mineral scr… — Rocks, minerals and fossils · tree and pragmatics description: Hardness of minerals is compared by scratching: a harder mineral scratches a softer one; diamond is the hardest natural mineral. Who acts: harder mineral, diamond. A sentence of the lesson «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Rocks, minerals and fossils](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/) / 17 # Rocks, minerals and fossils, sentence 17 Hardness of minerals is compared by scratching: a harder mineral scratches a softer one; diamond is the hardest natural mineral. **Who acts:** harder mineral, diamond · **What happens:** compare, scratch, be · **To what, where:** Hardness, softer one, hardest natural mineral This is a sentence of the lesson «Rocks, minerals and fossils» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (harder mineral, diamond), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:061-rocks-minerals-fossils.lesson:17 # text = Hardness of minerals is compared by scratching: a harder mineral scratches a softer one; diamond is the hardest natural mineral. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 061-rocks-minerals-fossils.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Hardness hardness NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 minerals mineral NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 compared compare VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 by by SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 7 scratching scratching NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 11 amod _ _ 11 mineral mineral NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 scratches scratch VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 softer soft ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 15 amod _ _ 15 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 17 diamond diamond NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 hardest hard ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 22 amod _ _ 21 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 mineral mineral NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **compare** | present · passive | | Hardness of minerals | | | | scratching *obl* | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **scratch** | present | a harder mineral | a softer one | | | | | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | present | diamond | the hardest natural mineral | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:061-rocks-minerals-fossils.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rocks, minerals and fossils, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/16/) - next →: [Rocks, minerals and fossils, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/61-rocks-minerals-fossils/)