--- title: Earthworms are the gardeners of the soil: they eat dead leaves and s… — Soil and what lives in it · tree and pragmatics description: Earthworms are the gardeners of the soil: they eat dead leaves and soil, leave behind rich droppings called casts, and dig tunnels that let air and water reach the roots. Who acts: Earthworms, rich droppings, tunnels. A sentence of the lesson «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Soil and what lives in it](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/) / 5 # Soil and what lives in it, sentence 5 Earthworms are the gardeners of the soil: they eat dead leaves and soil, leave behind rich droppings called casts, and dig tunnels that let air and water reach the roots. **Who acts:** Earthworms, rich droppings, tunnels · **What happens:** be, eat, leave, call, dig, let · **To what, where:** gardeners, dead leaves, rich droppings, casts, tunnels, air · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Earthworms, rich droppings, tunnels), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson:5 # text = Earthworms are the gardeners of the soil: they eat dead leaves and soil, leave behind rich droppings called casts, and dig tunnels that let air and water reach the roots. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Earthworms earthworm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 gardeners gardener NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 11 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 leave leave VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 behind behind ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 20 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl _ _ 21 casts cast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 xcomp _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=25:punct 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 dig dig VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 25 tunnels tunnel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 27 nsubj _ _ 27 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl _ _ 28 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=31:nsubj 31 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 conj _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Earthworms | the gardeners | | | | of the soil | tree rules | | 2 | **eat** | present | Earthworms *= earthworm* | dead leaves and soil | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | | 3 | **leave** | present | Earthworms *= earthworm* *not said here* | | | rich droppings | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent behind dropping=Location | | 4 | **call** | participle | rich droppings *not said here* | casts | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **dig** | present | Earthworms *= earthworm* *not said here* | tunnels | | | | | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tunnel=Theme | | 6 | **let** | infinitive | tunnels | air and water | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | | 7 | **reach** | infinitive | tunnels *not said here* | the roots | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent root=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soil and what lives in it, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/4/) - next →: [Soil and what lives in it, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/63-soil-and-what-lives-in-it/)