---
title: Soils differ: sandy soil has big grains with big gaps, so water drai… — Soil and what lives in it · tree and pragmatics
description: Soils differ: sandy soil has big grains with big gaps, so water drains through it fast; clay soil has tiny grains packed close, so it holds water and can become sticky and waterlogged; loam, a mix of sand, silt, clay and humus, is the best for most crops. Who acts: Soils, sandy soil, water, clay soi
---

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# Soil and what lives in it, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Soils differ: sandy soil has big grains with big gaps, so water drains through it fast; clay soil has tiny grains packed close, so it holds water and can become sticky and waterlogged; loam, a mix of sand, silt, clay and humus, is the best for most crops.

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**Who acts:** Soils, sandy soil, water, clay soil, Soil, loam · **What happens:** differ, have, drain, pack, hold, become · **To what, where:** big grains, Soil, tiny grains, water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soil and what lives in it» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soils, sandy soil, water, clay soil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson:6
# text = Soils differ: sandy soil has big grains with big gaps, so water drains through it fast; clay soil has tiny grains packed close, so it holds water and can become sticky and waterlogged; loam, a mix of sand, silt, clay and humus, is the best for most crops.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Soils	soil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	differ	differ	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
4	sandy	sandy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
7	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	grains	grain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	gaps	gap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	drains	drain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
16	through	through	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
23	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	grains	grain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
25	packed	pack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl	_	_
26	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	25	advmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	so	so	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
29	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
31	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obj	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	_
35	sticky	sticky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	xcomp	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	waterlogged	waterlogged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	conj	_	_
38	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
39	loam	loam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nsubj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	mix	mix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	appos	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
46	silt	silt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
48	clay	clay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	appos	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	humus	humus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	conj	_	_
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
52	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	54	cop	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	conj	_	_
55	for	for	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
56	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	57	amod	_	_
57	crops	crop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	54	obl	_	_
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **differ** | present | Soils |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | present | sandy soil | big grains |  |  |  | with big gaps | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Patient |
| 3 | **drain** | present | water |  |  | Soil |  | fast *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source |
| 4 | **have** | present | clay soil | tiny grains |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Patient |
| 5 | **pack** | participle |  | tiny grains *not said here* |  |  |  | close *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **hold** | present | Soil | water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 7 | **become** | can | Soil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sticky *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 8 | **is** | present | loam |  |  |  |  | for most crops; good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:063-soil-and-what-lives-in-it.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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