--- title: Lakes form in hollows dug by glaciers, in craters of old volcanoes,… — Rivers, lakes and the sea up close · tree and pragmatics description: Lakes form in hollows dug by glaciers, in craters of old volcanoes, in cracks where the crust pulled apart, or behind dams; Lake Baikal in Russia, in such a crack, is the deepest lake on Earth and holds about a fifth of all the fresh water in lakes and rivers. Who acts: Lakes, Lake Baikal. A sentenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Rivers, lakes and the sea up close](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/) / 3 # Rivers, lakes and the sea up close, sentence 3 Lakes form in hollows dug by glaciers, in craters of old volcanoes, in cracks where the crust pulled apart, or behind dams; Lake Baikal in Russia, in such a crack, is the deepest lake on Earth and holds about a fifth of all the fresh water in lakes and rivers. **Who acts:** Lakes, Lake Baikal · **What happens:** form, dig, pull apart, be, hold · **To what, where:** hollows, crust, dams, deepest lake, Earth, fifth This is a sentence of the lesson «Rivers, lakes and the sea up close» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lakes, Lake Baikal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:064-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea.lesson:3 # text = Lakes form in hollows dug by glaciers, in craters of old volcanoes, in cracks where the crust pulled apart, or behind dams; Lake Baikal in Russia, in such a crack, is the deepest lake on Earth and holds about a fifth of all the fresh water in lakes and rivers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 064-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound 2 form form VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 parataxis _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 hollows hollow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 5 dug dig VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 glaciers glacier NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl:agent _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 craters crater NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 volcanoes volcano NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 cracks crack NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 17 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 20 advmod _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 crust crust NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 pulled pull VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 apart apart ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 behind behind ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 dams dam NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 Lake Lake PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 Baikal Baikal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 such such DET PDT PronType=Ind 35 det:predet _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 crack crack NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 appos _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 37 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 deepest deep ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 40 amod _ _ 40 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 44 holds hold VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 conj _ _ 45 about about ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 47 det _ _ 47 fifth fifth NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=44:obl 48 of of ADP IN _ 52 case _ _ 49 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 52 det:predet _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 51 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 52 amod _ _ 52 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 53 in in ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 lakes lake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 52 nmod _ _ 55 and and CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 56 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 54 conj _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=40:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **form** | present | Lakes | | | hollows | | in craters of old volcanoes and cracks | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hollow=Location | | 2 | **dig** | participle | | hollows *not said here* | | | | | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **pull apart** | past · passive | | the crust | | dams | | apart *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **is a** | present | Lake Baikal in Russia | the deepest lake | | Earth | | | tree rules | | 5 | **hold** | present | Lake Baikal in Russia *not said here* | a fifth of all fresh water in lakes and rivers | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fifth=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:064-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Rivers, lakes and the sea up close, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/1/) - next →: [Rivers, lakes and the sea up close, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/64-rivers-lakes-and-the-sea/)