--- title: It forms where more snow falls in winter than melts in summer, so ye… — Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands · tree and pragmatics description: It forms where more snow falls in winter than melts in summer, so year after year the snow piles up and is pressed into hard blue ice, the way a snowball squeezed in your hands turns icy. Who acts: glacier, more snow, snow, snowball. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/) / 1 # Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, sentence 1 It forms where more snow falls in winter than melts in summer, so year after year the snow piles up and is pressed into hard blue ice, the way a snowball squeezed in your hands turns icy. **Who acts:** glacier, more snow, snow, snowball · **What happens:** form, fall, melt, pile up, press, squeeze · **To what, where:** hard blue ice, snowball, hands, way This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glacier, more snow, snow, snowball), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:1 # text = It forms where more snow falls in winter than melts in summer, so year after year the snow piles up and is pressed into hard blue ice, the way a snowball squeezed in your hands turns icy. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 forms form VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 6 advmod _ _ 4 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 amod _ _ 5 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 falls fall VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 than than SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 10 melts melt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 14 so so ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 15 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl:unmarked _ _ 16 after after ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 piles pile VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj 21 up up ADP RP _ 20 compound:prt _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 pressed press VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:conj 25 into into ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 27 blue blue ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 acl _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 snowball snowball NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 34 squeezed squeeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 acl _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 38 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 39 icy icy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 xcomp _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **form** | present | glacier | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **fall** | present | more snow | | | | winter | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **melt** | present | more snow *not said here* | | | | summer | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **pile up** | present | the snow | | | | year | | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **press** | present · passive | the snow *not said here* | | | hard blue ice | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: into ice=Trajectory | | 6 | **squeeze** | participle | | a snowball *not said here* | | your hands | | | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **turn** | present | a snowball | the way *not said here* | | | | icy *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme way=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/0/) - next →: [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/)