--- title: An ice age is a long cold time when ice sheets spread over much of t… — Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands · tree and pragmatics description: An ice age is a long cold time when ice sheets spread over much of the land. Who acts: ice age, ice sheets. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/) / 4 # Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, sentence 4 An ice age is a long cold time when ice sheets spread over much of the land. **Who acts:** ice age, ice sheets · **What happens:** be, spread · **To what, where:** long cold time, much This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ice age, ice sheets), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:4 # text = An ice age is a long cold time when ice sheets spread over much of the land. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 6 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 10 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 sheets sheet NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 spread spread VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 13 over over ADP IN _ 14 case _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 14 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:obl 18 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a ice age | a long cold time | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **spread** | present | ice sheets | | | much of the land | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over much=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:065-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/3/) - next →: [Glaciers, ice ages and polar lands, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/65-glaciers-ice-ages-polar-lands/)