--- title: Hot deserts are scorching by day but can be cold at night, because d… — Deserts, rainforests and grasslands · tree and pragmatics description: Hot deserts are scorching by day but can be cold at night, because dry, clear air lets the heat escape into the sky. Who acts: Hot deserts, dry clear air. A sentence of the lesson «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/) / 3 # Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, sentence 3 Hot deserts are scorching by day but can be cold at night, because dry, clear air lets the heat escape into the sky. **Who acts:** Hot deserts, dry clear air · **What happens:** scorch, be, let, escape · **To what, where:** sky This is a sentence of the lesson «Deserts, rainforests and grasslands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hot deserts, dry clear air), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:066-deserts-rainforests-grasslands.lesson:3 # text = Hot deserts are scorching by day but can be cold at night, because dry, clear air lets the heat escape into the sky. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 066-deserts-rainforests-grasslands.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 deserts desert NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 scorching scorch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 9 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 10 cop _ _ 10 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 11 at at ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 14 because because SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 15 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 17 clear clear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 lets let VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 advcl _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:det 21 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 escape escape VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 23 into into ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:nmod 26 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **scorch** | present · progressive | Hot deserts | | | | day | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **is** | can | Hot deserts *not said here* | | | | night | cold *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **let** | present | dry clear air | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **escape** | infinitive | dry clear air *not said here* | | | the sky | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into sky=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:066-deserts-rainforests-grasslands.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/2/) - next →: [Deserts, rainforests and grasslands, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/66-deserts-rainforests-grasslands/)