--- title: Lightning is so hot, hotter than the surface of the Sun, that it can… — Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and torna… · tree and pragmatics description: Lightning is so hot, hotter than the surface of the Sun, that it can split trees and start fires, and it strikes the tallest and nearest paths to the ground, such as trees, towers and people standing in open fields. Who acts: Lightning, people. A sentence of the lesson «Storms: thunder, lightning, h --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/) / 1 # Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and tornadoes, sentence 1 Lightning is so hot, hotter than the surface of the Sun, that it can split trees and start fires, and it strikes the tallest and nearest paths to the ground, such as trees, towers and people standing in open fields. **Who acts:** Lightning, people · **What happens:** be, split, start, strike, stand · **To what, where:** trees, tallest paths, open fields This is a sentence of the lesson «Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes and tornadoes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lightning, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:068-storms-and-wild-winds.lesson:1 # text = Lightning is so hot, hotter than the surface of the Sun, that it can split trees and start fires, and it strikes the tallest and nearest paths to the ground, such as trees, towers and people standing in open fields. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 068-storms-and-wild-winds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 so so ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 hotter hot ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 4 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:parataxis 7 than than ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 Sun Sun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 split split VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 18 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 21 fires fire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 conj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 strikes strike VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 27 tallest tall ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 30 amod _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 nearest near ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 27 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:amod 30 paths path NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 37 case _ _ 36 as as ADP IN _ 35 fixed _ _ 37 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=30:conj 38 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 39 towers tower NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:conj 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 41 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 conj _ _ 42 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 41 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=39:acl 43 in in ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 obl _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Lightning | | | | | hot *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **be** | | Lightning *not said here* | | | | | than the surface of the Sun | tree rules | | 3 | **split** | can | Lightning | trees and fires | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | | 4 | **start** | infinitive | Lightning *not said here* | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 5 | **strike** | present | Lightning | the tallest paths | | | | to the ground *result*; such trees and towers and people | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent path=Patient to ground=Result | | 6 | **stand** | gerund | people *not said here* | | | open fields | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in field=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:068-storms-and-wild-winds.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/0/) - next →: [Storms: thunder, lightning, hurricanes…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/68-storms-and-wild-winds/)