---
title: Space is usually said to begin about 100 kilometres above the ground. — Wind and the air around the Earth · tree and pragmatics
description: Space is usually said to begin about 100 kilometres above the ground. A sentence of the lesson «Wind and the air around the Earth» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Wind and the air around the Earth, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Space is usually said to begin about 100 kilometres above the ground.

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**What happens:** say, begin · **To what, where:** Space, 100 kilometres, ground · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Wind and the air around the Earth» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:069-wind-and-the-atmosphere.lesson:15
# text = Space is usually said to begin about 100 kilometres above the ground.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 069-wind-and-the-atmosphere.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	about	about	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
8	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	above	above	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | Space |  |  |  | usually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **begin** | to-infinitive |  | 100 kilometres |  | the ground |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:069-wind-and-the-atmosphere.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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