--- title: People knew the Earth was round more than two thousand years ago: sh… — The shape and size of the Earth, the poles and t… · tree and pragmatics description: People knew the Earth was round more than two thousand years ago: ships sink hull first (the hull is the bottom part of a ship) below the horizon, the far line where the sky meets the sea, and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during an eclipse is always round. Who acts: People, Earth, ships, hull. A s --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [The shape and size of the Earth, the p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/) / 3 # The shape and size of the Earth, the poles and the equator, sentence 3 People knew the Earth was round more than two thousand years ago: ships sink hull first (the hull is the bottom part of a ship) below the horizon, the far line where the sky meets the sea, and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during an eclipse is always round. **Who acts:** People, Earth, ships, hull, sky · **What happens:** know, be, sink, meet, shadow · **To what, where:** hull, horizon, bottom part, sea, Moon · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The shape and size of the Earth, the poles and the equator» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, Earth, ships, hull), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:007-shape-and-size-of-the-earth.lesson:3 # text = People knew the Earth was round more than two thousand years ago: ships sink hull first (the hull is the bottom part of a ship) below the horizon, the far line where the sky meets the sea, and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during an eclipse is always round. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 007-shape-and-size-of-the-earth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 round round ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 ccomp _ _ 7 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 10 advmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 8 than than ADP IN _ 7 fixed _ _ 9 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 compound _ _ 10 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl:unmarked _ _ 12 ago ago ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 ships ship NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 sink sink VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 hull hull NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 15 advmod _ _ 18 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 hull hull NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 cop _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 bottom bottom ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 parataxis _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 ship ship NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 24 punct _ _ 29 below below ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 horizon horizon NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 far far ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 line line NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 36 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 39 advmod _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 39 meets meet VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 acl:relcl _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 47 nmod:poss _ _ 46 's 's PART POS _ 45 case _ _ 47 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 48 on on ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 Moon moon NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ _ 51 during during ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 eclipse eclipse NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=56:obl 54 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 56 cop _ _ 55 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 56 advmod _ _ 56 round round ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 parataxis _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | past | People | | | | | ago *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **is** | past | the Earth | | | | | round *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **sink** | present | ships | hull | | the horizon and the far line and the Earth's shadow on the Moon during a eclipse | | first *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hull=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | present | the hull | the bottom part | | | | of a ship | tree rules | | 5 | **meet** | present | the sky | the sea | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Co-Agent | | 6 | **is** | present | | | | | | always, round *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **shadow** | | the Earth | | | the Moon | during a eclipse | | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent on=place during=obl | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:007-shape-and-size-of-the-earth.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The shape and size of the Earth, the p…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/2/) - next →: [The shape and size of the Earth, the p…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/7-shape-and-size-of-the-earth/)