---
title: Insects and spiders must moult their hard outer skeleton to grow. — Insects and spiders · tree and pragmatics
description: Insects and spiders must moult their hard outer skeleton to grow. Who acts: Insects. A sentence of the lesson «Insects and spiders» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Insects and spiders, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Insects and spiders must moult their hard outer skeleton to grow.

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**Who acts:** Insects · **What happens:** moult, grow · **To what, where:** hard outer skeleton

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects and spiders» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Insects), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:072-insects-and-spiders.lesson:11
# text = Insects and spiders must moult their hard outer skeleton to grow.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 072-insects-and-spiders.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	moult	moult	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **moult** | must | Insects and spiders | Spiders's hard outer skeleton |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | to-infinitive | Insects and spiders *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:072-insects-and-spiders.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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