---
title: Amphibian eggs have no shell, so they are laid in water or damp plac… — Fish, frogs and reptiles · tree and pragmatics
description: Amphibian eggs have no shell, so they are laid in water or damp places. Who acts: Amphibian eggs. A sentence of the lesson «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fish, frogs and reptiles, sentence 17

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Amphibian eggs have no shell, so they are laid in water or damp places.

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**Who acts:** Amphibian eggs · **What happens:** have, laid · **To what, where:** shell, eggs, water

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Fish, frogs and reptiles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amphibian eggs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:074-fish-frogs-reptiles.lesson:17
# text = Amphibian eggs have no shell, so they are laid in water or damp places.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 074-fish-frogs-reptiles.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Amphibian	amphibian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	laid	laid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Amphibian eggs | no shell |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Patient |
| 2 | **laid** | present · passive |  | eggs *= egg* |  | water or damp places |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:074-fish-frogs-reptiles.lesson:17`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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