--- title: Trees and forests through the year — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Trees and forests through the year», a lesson of the world course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: A tree is a large plant with a woody trunk; each year it grows a new layer of wood under its bark, which we can see as a ring when the tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / Trees and forests through the year # Trees and forests through the year Lesson 76 of the world course of Mova's primary school: 17 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/0/) — A tree is a large plant with a woody trunk; each year it grows a new layer of wood under its bark, which we can see as a ring when the tree is cut. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/1/) — Deciduous trees, like oak, maple and birch, drop their leaves in autumn and rest through winter; evergreen trees, like pine and spruce, keep their needles all year and lose old ones a few at a time. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/2/) — In autumn the tree stops making green chlorophyll, so the yellow and orange colours that were hidden in the leaf show through; in spring new buds open and the tree starts making food again. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/3/) — A forest has layers: tall trees make the canopy, smaller trees and bushes grow beneath, and the forest floor is covered with fallen leaves that rot and feed the soil. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/4/) — A wide ring in a cut trunk means a good year with plenty of rain and warmth; a thin ring means a dry or cold year — so a stump is like a diary of the tree's life. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/5/) — A tree usually grows one new ring of wood each year. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/6/) — Counting the rings in a stump tells us roughly how old the tree was. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/7/) — Deciduous trees lose all their leaves in autumn. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/8/) — Dropping their leaves helps deciduous trees save water in winter, when the ground is frozen and the roots can take up little water. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/9/) — Evergreen trees keep leaves all year and lose old ones little by little. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/10/) — Leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn because the green chlorophyll breaks down. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/11/) — Thin needles with a waxy coat help evergreen trees lose little water in winter. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/12/) — The canopy is the top layer of a forest, made by the tallest trees. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/13/) — Fallen leaves are broken down by worms, fungi and bacteria, and this feeds the soil. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/14/) — Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen when they make food. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/15/) — Tree roots hold the soil together and stop it from washing away. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/76-trees-and-forests-through-the-year/16/) — Some trees, such as bristlecone pines, can live for more than 4,000 years. - ← previous: [Mammals and how they care for their young](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/75-mammals-and-their-young/) - next →: [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/) - ↑ back to [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/)