---
title: Leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn because the green chlorophyl… — Trees and forests through the year · tree and pragmatics
description: Leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn because the green chlorophyll breaks down. Who acts: Leaves, green chlorophyll. A sentence of the lesson «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Trees and forests through the year, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn because the green chlorophyll breaks down.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Leaves, green chlorophyll · **What happens:** turn, break down

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Leaves, green chlorophyll), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson:10
# text = Leaves turn yellow and orange in autumn because the green chlorophyll breaks down.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3
1	Leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:obl
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:det
10	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:amod
11	chlorophyll	chlorophyll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
13	down	down	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | Leaves |  |  |  | autumn | yellow *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **break down** | present | the green chlorophyll |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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