---
title: Deciduous trees lose all their leaves in autumn. — Trees and forests through the year · tree and pragmatics
description: Deciduous trees lose all their leaves in autumn. Who acts: Deciduous trees. A sentence of the lesson «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Trees and forests through the year, sentence 7

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Deciduous trees lose all their leaves in autumn.

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**Who acts:** Deciduous trees · **What happens:** lose · **To what, where:** leaves

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees and forests through the year» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Deciduous trees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson:7
# text = Deciduous trees lose all their leaves in autumn.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present | Deciduous trees | rain's leaves |  |  | autumn |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:076-trees-and-forests-through-the-year.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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