---
title: Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals and return the… — Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things · tree and pragmatics
description: Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals and return their goodness to the soil. Who acts: Fungi. A sentence of the lesson «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/17/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/) / 17

# Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, sentence 17

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals and return their goodness to the soil.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Fungi · **What happens:** break down, return · **To what, where:** dead plants, goodness, soil

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fungi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:077-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things.lesson:17
# text = Fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals and return their goodness to the soil.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 077-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3
1	Fungi	fungi	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc
3	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=1:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
4	break	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	goodness	goodness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | present | Fungi and bacteria | dead plants and animals |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient |
| 2 | **return** | present | Fungi and bacteria *not said here* | Fungi's goodness |  | the soil |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent goodness=Theme to soil=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:077-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things.lesson:17`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/16/)
- next →: [Fungi, bacteria and tiny living things, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/18/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/77-fungi-bacteria-tiny-living-things/)