---
title: Heat is energy that moves from a hotter thing to a colder thing, nev… — Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool · tree and pragmatics
description: Heat is energy that moves from a hotter thing to a colder thing, never the other way by itself. Who acts: Heat energy. A sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool, sentence 1

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Heat is energy that moves from a hotter thing to a colder thing, never the other way by itself.

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**Who acts:** Heat energy · **What happens:** be, move · **To what, where:** Heat energy, other way, hotter thing

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Heat energy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:1
# text = Heat is energy that moves from a hotter thing to a colder thing, never the other way by itself.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 082-heat-and-temperature.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hotter	hot	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	amod	_	_
9	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	colder	cold	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	18	nmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Heat energy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | present | Heat energy | the other way by way |  | a hotter thing |  | to a colder thing | vn slide-11.2 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from thing=Initial\_Location to thing=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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