---
title: Conduction is heat passing through a material or between things that… — Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool · tree and pragmatics
description: Conduction is heat passing through a material or between things that touch. Who acts: Conduction, heat, things. A sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool, sentence 15

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Conduction is heat passing through a material or between things that touch.

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**Who acts:** Conduction, heat, things · **What happens:** be, pass, touch · **To what, where:** heat, material

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Conduction, heat, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:15
# text = Conduction is heat passing through a material or between things that touch.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 082-heat-and-temperature.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Conduction	conduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	acl	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	material	material	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	touch	touch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Conduction | heat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | gerund | heat *not said here* |  |  | a material or things |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through material=Location |
| 3 | **touch** | present | things |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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