---
title: A liquid thermometer works because the liquid inside expands as it w… — Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool · tree and pragmatics
description: A liquid thermometer works because the liquid inside expands as it warms. Who acts: liquid thermometer, liquid. A sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/19/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Heat and temperature: how things warm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/) / 19

# Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A liquid thermometer works because the liquid inside expands as it warms.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** liquid thermometer, liquid · **What happens:** work, expand, warm

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (liquid thermometer, liquid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:19
# text = A liquid thermometer works because the liquid inside expands as it warms.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 082-heat-and-temperature.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	thermometer	thermometer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	expands	expand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	warms	warm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | a liquid thermometer |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **expand** | present | the liquid |  |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **warm** | present | liquid |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:19`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Heat and temperature: how things warm…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/18/)
- next →: [Heat and temperature: how things warm…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/20/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/82-heat-and-temperature/)