---
title: Dark, dull surfaces absorb heat radiation better than white, shiny o… — Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool · tree and pragmatics
description: Dark, dull surfaces absorb heat radiation better than white, shiny ones. Who acts: Dark dull surfaces. A sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool, sentence 23

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Dark, dull surfaces absorb heat radiation better than white, shiny ones.

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**Who acts:** Dark dull surfaces · **What happens:** absorb · **To what, where:** heat radiation

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Heat and temperature: how things warm and cool» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dark dull surfaces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:23
# text = Dark, dull surfaces absorb heat radiation better than white, shiny ones.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 082-heat-and-temperature.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	dull	dull	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	surfaces	surface	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	absorb	absorb	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	radiation	radiation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
9	than	than	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **absorb** | present | Dark dull surfaces | heat radiation |  |  |  | well *property* | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal radiation=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:082-heat-and-temperature.lesson:23`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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