---
title: A glass prism bends each colour by a different amount and spreads wh… — Mirrors, shadows and colours · tree and pragmatics
description: A glass prism bends each colour by a different amount and spreads white light into a rainbow of colours. Who acts: glass prism. A sentence of the lesson «Mirrors, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Mirrors, shadows and colours, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A glass prism bends each colour by a different amount and spreads white light into a rainbow of colours.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** glass prism · **What happens:** bend, spread · **To what, where:** colour, white light, rainbow

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Mirrors, shadows and colours» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glass prism), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:084-mirrors-shadows-colours.lesson:9
# text = A glass prism bends each colour by a different amount and spreads white light into a rainbow of colours.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 084-mirrors-shadows-colours.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	prism	prism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | present | a glass prism | each colour |  |  |  | by a different amount | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent colour=Theme by amount=Location |
| 2 | **spread** | present | a glass prism *not said here* | white light |  | a rainbow of colours |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent light=Theme into rainbow=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:084-mirrors-shadows-colours.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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