---
title: When a plank or beam bends under a load, its top is squashed and its… — Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes · tree and pragmatics
description: When a plank or beam bends under a load, its top is squashed and its bottom is stretched. Who acts: plank. A sentence of the lesson «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/86-building-strong-things/18/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Building strong things: bridges, tower…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/86-building-strong-things/) / 18

# Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes, sentence 18

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When a plank or beam bends under a load, its top is squashed and its bottom is stretched.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plank · **What happens:** bend, squash, stretch · **To what, where:** load, top, bottom

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Building strong things: bridges, towers and shapes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plank), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:086-building-strong-things.lesson:18
# text = When a plank or beam bends under a load, its top is squashed and its bottom is stretched.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 086-building-strong-things.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	plank	plank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	beam	beam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	squashed	squash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | present | a plank or beam |  |  | a load |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under load=Location |
| 2 | **squash** | present · passive |  | load's top |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **stretch** | present · passive |  | top's bottom |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:086-building-strong-things.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Building strong things: bridges, tower…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/86-building-strong-things/17/)
- next →: [Building strong things: bridges, tower…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/86-building-strong-things/19/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/86-building-strong-things/)