---
title: Example: a tap that drips once a second wastes thousands of litres a… — Saving water and energy at home · tree and pragmatics
description: Example: a tap that drips once a second wastes thousands of litres a year — enough to fill dozens of baths — just because a small washer needs changing. Who acts: tap, small washer. A sentence of the lesson «Saving water and energy at home» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its depen
---

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# Saving water and energy at home, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Example: a tap that drips once a second wastes thousands of litres a year — enough to fill dozens of baths — just because a small washer needs changing.

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**Who acts:** tap, small washer · **What happens:** drip, waste, fill, need, change · **To what, where:** thousands, dozens

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Saving water and energy at home» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tap, small washer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:089-saving-water-and-energy.lesson:4
# text = Example: a tap that drips once a second wastes thousands of litres a year — enough to fill dozens of baths — just because a small washer needs changing.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 089-saving-water-and-energy.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	tap	tap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	drips	drip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	6	advmod	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	second	second	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	wastes	waste	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	litres	litre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl:unmarked	_	_
16	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
20	dozens	dozen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	baths	bath	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	—	-	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	just	just	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
25	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	washer	washer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
30	changing	change	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	xcomp	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drip** | present | a tap |  |  |  | second | once *property* | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **waste** | present | a tap *not said here* | thousands of litres |  |  | year |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient |
| 3 | **fill** | to-infinitive | a tap *not said here* | dozens of baths |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent dozen=Patient |
| 4 | **need** | present | a small washer |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **change** *not said to happen* | gerund | a small washer *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:089-saving-water-and-energy.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Saving water and energy at home, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/89-saving-water-and-energy/3/)
- next →: [Saving water and energy at home, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/89-saving-water-and-energy/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/89-saving-water-and-energy/)