---
title: Without leap years the calendar would slip by about one day every fo… — Time zones and the calendar · tree and pragmatics
description: Without leap years the calendar would slip by about one day every four years, and after about 750 years the summer months would fall in the middle of winter. Who acts: calendar, summer months. A sentence of the lesson «Time zones and the calendar» of the world course of Mova's primary school with it
---

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# Time zones and the calendar, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without leap years the calendar would slip by about one day every four years, and after about 750 years the summer months would fall in the middle of winter.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** calendar, summer months · **What happens:** slip, fall · **To what, where:** middle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Time zones and the calendar» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (calendar, summer months), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:009-time-zones-and-the-calendar.lesson:4
# text = Without leap years the calendar would slip by about one day every four years, and after about 750 years the summer months would fall in the middle of winter.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 009-time-zones-and-the-calendar.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	leap	leap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	calendar	calendar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	slip	slip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	14	det	_	_
13	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
17	after	after	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	about	about	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	750	750	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:nsubj
24	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slip** | would | the calendar |  |  |  | day; year |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 2 | **fall** | would | the summer months |  |  | the middle of winter | year |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in middle=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:009-time-zones-and-the-calendar.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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