--- title: In a fair test you change only one thing and keep everything else th… — Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evid… · tree and pragmatics description: In a fair test you change only one thing and keep everything else the same, so that if the result changes, you know which thing caused it. Who acts: you, result, thing. A sentence of the lesson «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/91-being-a-scientist/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/91-being-a-scientist/) / 1 # Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence, sentence 1 In a fair test you change only one thing and keep everything else the same, so that if the result changes, you know which thing caused it. **Who acts:** you, result, thing · **What happens:** change, keep, know, cause · **To what, where:** one thing, fair test, everything, result · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Being a scientist — fair tests, guesses and evidence» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, result, thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:091-being-a-scientist.lesson:1 # text = In a fair test you change only one thing and keep everything else the same, so that if the result changes, you know which thing caused it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 091-being-a-scientist.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 fair fair ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 test test NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 5 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 only only ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 12 everything everything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 11 obj _ _ 13 else else ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 xcomp _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 17 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 18 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 19 if if SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 changes change VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 26 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 27 det _ _ 27 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 caused cause VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 ccomp _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present | you | one thing | | a fair test | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient | | 2 | **keep** | infinitive | you *not said here* | everything | | | | same *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Theme | | 3 | **change** | present | the result | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **know** | present | you | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **cause** | past | which thing | result | | | | | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:091-being-a-scientist.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/91-being-a-scientist/0/) - next →: [Being a scientist — fair tests, guesse…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/91-being-a-scientist/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/91-being-a-scientist/)