---
title: Horses were tamed about 5,500 years ago, around the time the wheel w… — Transport: from horses to planes · tree and pragmatics
description: Horses were tamed about 5,500 years ago, around the time the wheel was invented. A sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Transport: from horses to planes, sentence 15

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Horses were tamed about 5,500 years ago, around the time the wheel was invented.

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**What happens:** tame, invent · **To what, where:** Horses, wheel

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Transport: from horses to planes» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:15
# text = Horses were tamed about 5,500 years ago, around the time the wheel was invented.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	Horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	tamed	tame	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	5,500	5,500	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:obl:unmarked
7	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	around	around	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	invented	invent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tame** | past · passive |  | Horses |  |  |  | ago *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **invent** | past · passive |  | the wheel |  |  | time |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:099-transport-horses-to-planes.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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