---
title: Alice did not much like keeping so close to her: first, because the… — Alice's Adventures in Wonderland · tree and pragmatics
description: Alice did not much like keeping so close to her: first, because the Duchess was _very_ ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the right height to rest her chin upon Alice’s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably sharp chin. Who acts: Alice, Duchess, chin. A sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Won
---

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# Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story, sentence 13

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Alice did not much like keeping so close to her: first, because the Duchess was \_very\_ ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the right height to rest her chin upon Alice’s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably sharp chin.

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**Who acts:** Alice, Duchess, chin · **What happens:** keep, be, rest · **To what, where:** right height, chin, shoulder, sharp chin

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This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alice, Duchess, chin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11:10:13
# text = Alice did not much like keeping so close to her: first, because the Duchess was _very_ ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the right height to rest her chin upon Alice’s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably sharp chin.
1	Alice	Alice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	much	much	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
12	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Duchess	Duchess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
18	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	21	punct	_	_
21	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	secondly	secondly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
26	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
27	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
29	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
33	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
34	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	acl	_	_
35	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
37	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	Alice	Alice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	’s	's	PART	POS	_	38	case	_	_
40	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
43	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
44	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
45	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
46	uncomfortably	uncomfortably	ADV	RB	_	47	advmod	_	_
47	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	chin	chin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past · do-support | Alice |  |  |  |  | close, first *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Alice *not said here* |  |  |  |  | secondly, ugly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | Duchess | the right height |  |  |  | exactly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **rest** | to-infinitive | Alice *not said here* | Duchess's chin |  | Alice's shoulder |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent chin=Theme upon shoulder=Location |
| 5 | **is a** | past | chin | a sharp chin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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