---
title: She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little s… — Alice's Adventures in Wonderland · tree and pragmatics
description: She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little startled when she heard her voice close to her ear. Who acts: pepper. A sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story, sentence 6

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She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little startled when she heard her voice close to her ear.

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**Who acts:** pepper · **What happens:** forget, startle, hear · **To what, where:** Duchess, little, voice

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This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter IX. The Mock Turtle’s Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pepper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11:10:6
# text = She had quite forgotten the Duchess by this time, and was a little startled when she heard her voice close to her ear.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Duchess	Duchess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	startled	startle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
19	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | past · perfect | pepper | the Duchess |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **startle** | past · passive | pepper *not said here* | a little |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» |
| 3 | **hear** | past | pepper | pepper's voice |  |  |  | close *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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