---
title: And he added in an undertone to the Queen, “Really, my dear, _you_ m… — Alice's Adventures in Wonderland · tree and pragmatics
description: And he added in an undertone to the Queen, “Really, my dear, _you_ must cross-examine the next witness. Who acts: Treacle. A sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/110/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Alice's Adventures in Wonderland](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/) / [Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/) / 110

# Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?, sentence 110

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he added in an undertone to the Queen, “Really, my dear, \_you\_ must cross-examine the next witness.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Treacle · **What happens:** add, cross-examine · **To what, where:** you, undertone, next witness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Treacle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11:12:110
# text = And he added in an undertone to the Queen, “Really, my dear, _you_ must cross-examine the next witness.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	added	add	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	undertone	undertone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Really	really	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	21	punct	_	_
20	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	cross-examine	cross-examine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | past | Treacle | you |  | a undertone |  | to the Queen | tree rules |
| 2 | **cross-examine** *speech: other* *in a quote* | must |  | the next witness |  |  |  |  | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent witness=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 109](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/109/)
- next →: [sentence 111](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/111/)
- ↑ back to [Chapter XI. Who Stole the Tarts?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/12/)