--- title: “You are old,” said the youth, “as I mentioned before, And have grow… — Alice's Adventures in Wonderland · tree and pragmatics description: “You are old,” said the youth, “as I mentioned before, And have grown most uncommonly fat; Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door— Pray, what is the reason of that?” Who acts: You, old, Pray. A sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Alice's Adventures in Wonderland](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/) / [Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/) / 38 # Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar, sentence 38 “You are old,” said the youth, “as I mentioned before, And have grown most uncommonly fat; Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door— Pray, what is the reason of that?” **Who acts:** You, old, Pray · **What happens:** be, say, mention, grow, turn · **To what, where:** youth, back somersault, reason · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, old, Pray), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg11:6:38 # text = “You are old,” said the youth, “as I mentioned before, And have grown most uncommonly fat; Yet you turned a back-somersault in at the door— Pray, what is the reason of that?” 1 “ " PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 You you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ” " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 youth youth NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 “ " PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 as as SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 mentioned mention VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 15 before before ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 And and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ _ 20 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 21 advmod _ _ 21 uncommonly uncommonly ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 fat fat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 Yet yet CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 turned turn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 28 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 30 somersault somersault NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 32 at at ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 — - PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 36 Pray Pray PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 37 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 38 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 41 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 appos _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 41 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 44 ? ? PUNCT . _ 41 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 45 ” " PUNCT '' _ 41 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | You | | | | | old *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | old | the youth | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **mention** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past | old | | | | | before *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **grow** *in a quote* | present · perfect | old *not said here* | | | | | fat *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **turn** *in a quote* | past | you | a back somersault | | | | in the door | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent somersault=Patient in door=Topic | | 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Pray | the reason | | | | of that | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Alice's Adventures in Wonderland» by Lewis Carroll, Project Gutenberg book 11 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/37/) - next →: [sentence 39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/39/) - ↑ back to [Chapter V. Advice from a Caterpillar](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg11/6/)