---
title: Dummling, though rather surprised when he saw the toads, and heard t… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Dummling, though rather surprised when he saw the toads, and heard them question him, being good-hearted replied politely-- Who acts: Dummling, eastwards. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Dummling and the Three Feathers, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Dummling and the Three Feathers, sentence 13

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Dummling, though rather surprised when he saw the toads, and heard them question him, being good-hearted replied politely--

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**Who acts:** Dummling, eastwards · **What happens:** see, hear, question, be, reply · **To what, where:** toads, eastwards, toad

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Dummling and the Three Feathers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dummling, eastwards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:10:13
# text = Dummling, though rather surprised when he saw the toads, and heard them question him, being good-hearted replied politely--
1	Dummling	Dummling	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	rather	rather	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	surprised	surprised	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	question	question	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	cop	_	_
19	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	hearted	hearted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	conj	_	_
22	replied	reply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	acl	_	_
23	politely	politely	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Dummling | the toads |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toad=Stimulus |
| 2 | **hear** | past | Dummling *not said here* | eastwards *= eastward* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **question** *speech: other* | infinitive | eastwards *= eastward* *not said here* |  | toad |  |  |  | vn interrogate-37.1.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 4 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **reply** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | politely *property* | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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