---
title: "Well, Fred," said she, "I did not know that; you should have told m… — Grimm's Fairy Stories · tree and pragmatics
description: "Well, Fred," said she, "I did not know that; you should have told me." Who acts: Fred. A sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Catherine and Frederick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Grimm's Fairy Stories, Catherine and Frederick, sentence 20

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"Well, Fred," said she, "I did not know that; you should have told me."

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**Who acts:** Fred · **What happens:** say, not know, tell · **To what, where:** that, you, Fred · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Catherine and Frederick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fred), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg11027:12:20
# text = "Well, Fred," said she, "I did not know that; you should have told me."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Fred	Fred	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux	_	_
20	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	ccomp	_	_
21	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Fred |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **know** *in a quote* | past · do-support | Fred | that |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | should · perfect · passive |  | you | Fred |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient i=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Grimm's Fairy Stories» by Jacob Grimm, Project Gutenberg book 11027 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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